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Quantitative standard of eco-compensation for the water source area in the middle route of the South-to-NorthWater Transfer Project in China

Zhanfeng DONG, Jinnan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 459-473 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0288-9

摘要： The Middle Route Project(MRP) of the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme (SNWT) in China will require a very large financial expenditure to ensure the water supply and the associated water quality to northern China. An eco-compensation mechanism between the water service source areas and its beneficiaries is essential. This paper establishes an analytic framework of eco-compensation standard for the protection of the water source area, including both the calculation of eco-compensation based on opportunity cost method (OCM) and calculation of the burden sharing of eco-compensation between the water source area and the external water reception area based on the deviation square method (DSM). Taking Shiyan City, Hubei Province in China as a case study, our results show that the eco-compensation in the first-phase of MRP for the water source area in Shiyan, Hubei Province should be 1.63×10 CNY, about four times of planned eco-construction investment budget(4.33×10 CNY). In addition, the burden sharing of eco-compensation varied greatly in terms of different methods. It would be better to integrate the results of different single-factor burden sharing methods by determining the corresponding weighting coefficient with DSM and form one unanimous consent result by the interested parties.

关键词： the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme eco-compensation standard opportunity costs deviation square method

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Ecological assessment of lakeshore wetland rehabilitation on eastern route of South-to-North Water Transfer

ZHANG Jian, Lu Yifeng, JING Yuming, ZHANG Bo, ZHANG Chenglu, MENG Fei, ZHANG Huayong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 306-310 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0057-1

摘要： To evaluate the ecological effects of lakeshore wetland rehabilitation on the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, species composition, coverage, height, and biomass of wetland communities at 22 sites of the study area on the shore of Nansi Lake in April and May 2007 were investigated. The wetlands under investigation were divided into platform fields, transition zones, and shallow water zones according to differences in elevations, water levels, and human activities. The species richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Pielou Evenness index were adopted to delineate and discuss the ecological effects of lakeshore wetland rehabilitation in 22 quadrates. Results showed that the species richness of the wetland areas after 2 years’ rehabilitation amounted to 47 of 24 families, higher than 25 of 20 families in areas without rehabilitation. The biodiversity index and abundance index of rehabilitated areas were also higher than those of platform fields and fish ponds where there was no rehabilitation. In addition, the Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and community evenness index of platform fields in rehabilitated wetland areas were 1.619, 0.745, and 0.860, respectively, higher than those of the platform fields before rehabilitating. The results suggested that the constructed lakeshore wetland played an important role in protecting the diversity of species.

关键词： community South-to-North Shannon-Wiener Evenness addition

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南水北调工程

Office of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee, State Council, PRC

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第3期页码 265-267 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.022

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我国北方地区水资源合理配置与南水北调

潘家铮

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 26-32

摘要：

根据我国的水资源状况及可持续发展的需要，从水量丰富的长江流域引水北上的南水北调工程是势在必行和可以做到的。南水北调的原则应是：建立节水型社会，以供定需；合理配置，注意挖潜；东线、中线相辅相成，并非有我无他；编制概算实事求是，力戒“上马概算”；局部利益服从整体利益，暂时利益服从长远利益；坚持水资源统一管理，科学调配，有偿使用；西南调水不现实，宜暂缓。

关键词：水资源可持续发展南水北调

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南水北调中线一期工程

钮新强

《工程（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 21-28 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.001

关键词：工程成就

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南水北调东线工程黄河以北线路优化构想

赵勇,何凡,王庆明,何国华

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第5期页码 107-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.013

摘要：

《南水北调工程总体规划》批复近20 年来，我国北方地区水资源供需情势、水生态环境问题均发生深刻变化；优化南水北调后续工程线路，对适应北方地区新发展形势、落实国家重大战略具有重要意义。京津冀地区是南水北调东线后续工程的主要受水区，分析本地区的中长期供求趋势、空间分布及结构特征，可以发现：从长远供求趋势看，京津冀地区水资源缺口为3.9×10⁹~6×10⁹ m³，用水需求的增长点主要是中西部城市区，也是雄安新区等国家战略布局实施的重点保障区域；充分利用现有河渠，新增经白洋淀进京路线，将供水中心西移，使工程线路更侧重覆盖地下水浅层超采区，也更利于补给河湖生态用水；东线后续工程经白洋淀进京方案具有串联水系多、自流覆盖广、调蓄能力强、综合效益高等比较优势，更适应京津冀地区高质量发展的需求。结合南水北调东线后续工程规划建设面临的新形势，梳理工程的功能定位、整体布局、线路走向等关键问题，提出东线后续工程线路优化构想，可为南水北调后续工程高质量发展提供参考。

关键词：南水北调工程京津冀白洋淀水资源供需双线格局

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南水北调工程生态环境影响研究综述——跨流域调水的影响 Review

Hanlu Yan, Yuqing Lin, 陈求稳, 张建云, Shufeng He, Tao Feng, Zhiyuan Wang, Cheng Chen ,Jue Ding

《工程（英文）》 2023年第30卷第11期页码 161-169 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.012

摘要：

Interbasin water-transfer schemes provide an engineering solution for reconciling the conflict between water demand and availability. In the context of climate change, which brings great uncertainties to water resource distribution, interbasin water transfer plays an increasingly important role in the global water–food–energy nexus. However, the transfer of water resources simultaneously changes the hydrological regime and the characteristics of local water bodies, affecting biotic communities accordingly. Compared with high economic and technical inputs water-transfer projects require, the environmental and ecological implications of water-transfer schemes have been inadequately addressed. This work selects the largest water-transfer project in China, the South-to-North Water Diversion (SNWD) Project, to critically review its eco-environmental impacts on donor and recipient basins, as well as on regions along the diversion route. The two operated routes of the SNWD Project represent two typical water diversion approaches: The Middle Route uses an excavated canal, while the East Route connects existent river channels. An overview of the eco-environmental implications of these two routes is valuable for the design and optimization of future water-transfer megaprojects.

关键词： Interbasin water transfer Water resources Ecosystem Water quality Environmental impacts

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Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir

Qingwei BU, Donghong WANG, Zijian WANG, Junnong GU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 42-53 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0499-y

摘要： The Danjiangkou reservoir was selected to provide the source water for the middle routes of the South to North Water Transfer Project, which has provoked many environmental concerns. To date, investigations of water contamination of the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir with organic micro-pollutants have been limited. This study was conducted to identify and rank organic contaminants that pose risks in the Danjiangkou reservoir. To this end, the Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Management Strategies (CHEMS-1) approach was adapted to integrate the deconvolution technology of qualitative identifying contaminants for site-specific environmental matrices. The samples were screened for the presence of 1093 contaminants using deconvolution technologies and the hazard values of the identified contaminants were calculated using the adapted CHEMS-1 approach according to their hazardous properties and occurrence in source water. The results showed that 46 contaminants from 1093 targets were present in Danjiangkou water, 23 of which appeared at frequencies higher than 50%, and 15 of which were identified as priorities. Over half (53%) of the high-ranked contaminants were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with chrysene ranked highest on the list. Health risk assessment of the top-ranked PAHs was conducted and revealed that cancer risks of PAHs detected in the source water of Danjiangkou to different populations ranged from 10 to 10 , indicating a low cancer risk to consumers. The results of this study indicated that the adapted CHEMS-1 approach was feasible for site-specific screening of organic contaminants to identify and rank potential priority pollutants.

关键词： identification and ranking source water deconvolution risk assessment Danjiangkou South to North Water Transfer Project

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大西线南水北调虚拟仿真方法论

李伯衡

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第5期页码 19-23

摘要：

南水北调工程已正式列入“十五”计划，近期南水北调工程主要是东线和中线开工建设。文章论述了大西线南水北调的必要性和研究路线；论述了采用数字地球虚拟仿真技术研究西南诸外流主河的调水可行性，包括调水量、地质基础、调水路线优化、环境效益的研究方法和研究路线。

关键词：西线调水虚拟方法论

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南水北调中线工程渠道糙率的系统辨识

杨开林,汪易森

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 17-23

摘要：

提出了分析调水工程渠道沿程糙率的系统辨识新方法。依据水力学原理，建立了渠道沿程糙率与粗糙高度ks和水力半径R的函数关系，然后通过数学变换提出了适合最小二乘法进行系统辨识的线性模型。并以南水北调中线工程原型观测资料为基础，考虑渠道断面形状、底坡、渠长变化的影响，应用系统辨识的方法消除水力测量随机误差的干扰,得到了通用的渠道沿程糙率计算公式。

关键词：渠道糙率系统辨识最小二乘法

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Fifty Years of Water Sensitive Urban Design, Salisbury, South Australia

John C. Radcliffe, Declan Page, Bruce Naumann, Peter Dillon

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0937-3

摘要： Australia has developed extensive policies and guidelines for the management of its water. The City of Salisbury, located within metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, developed rapidly through urbanisation from the 1970s. Water sensitive urban design principles were adopted to maximise the use of the increased run-off generated by urbanisation and ameliorate flood risk. Managed aquifer recharge was introduced for storing remediated low-salinity stormwater by aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) in a brackish aquifer for subsequent irrigation. This paper outlines how a municipal government has progressively adopted principles of Water Sensitive Urban Design during its development within a framework of evolving national water policies. Salisbury’s success with stormwater harvesting led to the formation of a pioneering water business that includes linking projects from nine sites to provide a non-potable supply of 5 × 10 m ·year . These installations hosted a number of applied research projects addressing well configuration, water quality, reliability and economics and facilitated the evaluation of its system as a potential potable water source. The evaluation showed that while untreated stormwater contained contaminants, subsurface storage and end-use controls were sufficient to make recovered water safe for public open space irrigation, and with chlorination, acceptable for third pipe supplies. Drinking water quality could be achieved by adding microfiltration, disinfection with UV and chlorination. The costs that would need to be expended to achieve drinking water safety standards were found to be considerably less than the cost of establishing dual pipe distribution systems. The full cost of supply was determined to be AUD$1.57 m for non-potable water for public open space irrigation, much cheaper than mains water, AUD$3.45 m at that time. Producing and storing potable water was found to cost AUD$1.96 to $2.24 m .

关键词： Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) Stormwater harvesting Water recycling drinking water Low impact development Water sensitive urban design

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Spatio-temporal variations of water quality in Yuqiao Reservoir Basin, North China

Yuan XU,Ruqin XIE,Yuqiu WANG,Jian SHA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 649-664 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0702-9

摘要： Fuzzy comprehensive assessment and multivariate statistical techniques including cluster analysis, discriminant analysis, principal component analysis, and factor analysis were applied to analyze the water quality status of Yuqiao Reservoir Basin, North China, for assessing its spatio-temporal variations and identifying potential pollution sources. In this paper, we considered data for 14 water quality parameters collected during 1990–2004 at 7 water quality monitoring sites. The results of fuzzy comprehensive assessment revealed that water quality in Yuqiao Reservoir Basin showed a downtrend from 1990 to 2001 with fluctuation, and a slowly upward trend after 2001. The major water quality belonged to Class III and IV. Besides, hierarchical cluster analysis divided 7 monitoring sites into two groups (Group A and B), and 12 months into three periods (low-flow (LF), normal-flow (NF), and high-flow (HF) period). Temp, pH, SS, T-har, DO, NO -N and TP were identified as significant variables affecting spatial variations, and Temp, pH and NO -N were identified as significant variables affecting temporal variations by discriminant analysis. Factor analysis identified four latent pollution sources for water quality variations: nutrient pollution, organic pollution, inorganic pollution, and natural pollution. Moreover, for Group A regions, pollution inputs mainly came from domestic wastewater and industrial sewage. For Group B regions, it is more likely that water pollution resulted from the combined effects of domestic wastewater, hospital wastewater, agriculture runoff, and fishpond discharge, as well as the incoming water from upstream.

关键词： Fuzzy comprehensive assessment multivariate statistical analysis water quality

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Quantitative analysis of yield and soil water balance for summer maize on the piedmont of the North China

Jingjing WANG,Feng HUANG,Baoguo LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 295-310 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015074

摘要： The North China Plain (NCP) is a major grain production area in China, but the current winter wheat-summer maize system has resulted in a large water deficit. This water-shortage necessitates the improvement of crop water productivity in the NCP. A crop water model, AquaCrop, was adopted to investigate yield and water productivity (WP) for rain-fed summer maize on the piedmont of the NCP. The data sets to calibrate and validate the model were obtained from a 3-year (2011–2013) field experiment conducted on the Yanshan piedmont of the NCP. The range of root mean square error (RMSE) between the simulated and measured biomass was 0.67–1.25 t·hm , and that of relative error (RE) was 9.4%–15.4%, the coefficient of determination ( ) ranged from 0.992 to 0.994. The RMSE between the simulated and measured soil water storage at depth of 0–100 cm ranged from 4.09 to 4.39 mm; and RE and in the range of 1.07%–1.20% and 0.880–0.997, respectively. The WP as measured by crop yield per unit evapotranspiration was 2.50–2.66 kg·m . The simulated impact of long-term climate (i.e., 1980–2010) and groundwater depth on crop yield and WP revealed that the higher yield and WP could be obtained in dry years in areas with capillary recharge from groundwater, and much lower values elsewhere. The simulation also suggested that supplementary irrigation in areas without capillary groundwater would not result in groundwater over-tapping since the precipitation can meet the water required by both maize and ecosystem, thus a beneficial outcome for both food and ecosystem security can be assured.

关键词： AquaCrop summer maize soil water balance water productivity

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Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental

Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 119-129 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0272-z

摘要： Emission trading is one of the most effective alternatives to controlling water pollution. Water environmental functional zone (WEFZ) is used to determine the water quality standard and identify the zone boundary for each river or reach. In this study, a new emission trading scheme was addressed based on WEFZ, accounting for both the temporal dimension and water quality control. A temporal factor of emission trading was proposed based on variations in the environmental capacity within a year by dividing the year into three periods, including high, normal, and low periods of environmental capacity. During each period, emission trading was implemented exclusively. A water quality-control scheme was suggested based on the water quality requirement in the water functional zone, in which the water quality at the downstream boundary of the zone was required to meet the water standard following auto-purification in the stream. Two methods of calculating water quality control are addressed for point-source pollution and non-point-source pollution. The calculated temporal dimension and water quality control were located in Dongxi River of the Daning Watershed in the Three Gorges Watershed. The high period was during June, July, and August, the normal period was during April, May, September, and October, and the low period was during January, February, March, November, and December. The results from the water quality calculation demonstrated that the discharge of point-source and non-point-source pollutions led to an excess of common contaminants at the downstream boundary of WEFZ. The temporal and spatial factors above should be incorporated into the emission trading scheme based on WEFZ.

关键词： emission trading water functional zone water quality control

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南海北部深水区油气勘探进展与未来展望

米立军 ,周守为 ,谢玉洪 ,张功成 ,杨海长

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第3期页码 58-65 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.007

摘要：

加大油气勘探开发力度，减少石油和天然气对外依存度，保障国家能源安全是关系国家经济社会发展的全局性、战略性问题。“十一五”以来，中国海洋石油集团有限公司在南海北部深水领域持续加强基础研究，加快技术创新和加大勘探投入，相继获得一批重大油气勘探发现。本文阐述了五项重大勘探地质理论认识和两项勘探技术创新成果，探讨了深水油气勘探将要面临的挑战和应对策略，展望了南海北部深水区中深层、潜山及岩性圈闭三大领域的勘探前景。研究指出，南海北部陆缘深水区的拆离作用控制了珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地大型凹陷的形成，发育了湖相、海陆过渡相和海相三套规模烃源岩；高‒ 变地温控制凹陷烃源岩快速生烃，建立了琼东南盆地深水区大型轴向峡谷水道油气成藏模式、白云凹陷深水区深水扇天然气晚期成藏模式和深水区“断‒ 脊”联控油气差异聚集成藏模式。同时自主创新研发了立体震源激发和“犁形”缆接收的宽频采集处理技术。在多项地质理论认识和创新技术的指导下，发现以“深海一号”（陵水17-2）等为代表的一批大中型气田，对于保障粤港澳大湾区能源供应、促进海南自贸区（港）能源绿色发展、推动我国油气增储上产具有重要意义。

关键词：南海北部；深水区；油气勘探；深水天然气

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标题作者时间类型操作

Quantitative standard of eco-compensation for the water source area in the middle route of the South-to-NorthWater Transfer Project in China

Zhanfeng DONG, Jinnan WANG

期刊论文

Ecological assessment of lakeshore wetland rehabilitation on eastern route of South-to-North Water Transfer

ZHANG Jian, Lu Yifeng, JING Yuming, ZHANG Bo, ZHANG Chenglu, MENG Fei, ZHANG Huayong

期刊论文

南水北调工程

Office of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee, State Council, PRC

期刊论文